Anxiety and depression are common in the modern world, and there is growing demand for alternative therapies such as meditation. Meditation can decrease perceived stress and increase general well-being, although the physiological mechanism is not well-characterized. Here, we will look at a group of compounds called endocannabinoids (eCBs). These compounds are produced naturally in the body and bind to cannabinoid receptors. Binding to these receptors can create many effects, including a feeling of blissfulness.

For this study, we wanted to observe the impact of Bhava Spandana Program (BSP), a 4-day meditation retreat conducted by Isha Foundation, on mood changes. Participants completed online surveys (before and after retreat, and 1 month later) to assess anxiety, depression, focus, well-being, and happiness through validated psychological scales. Voluntary blood sampling for biomarker studies was done before and within a day after the retreat. Various endocannabinoids and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) were evaluated from blood samples. One of the endocannabinoids observed was anandamide (AEA). This was the first endocannabinoid discovered and has been associated with feelings of bliss.

Results showed that depression and anxiety were reduced while focus, happiness, and positive wellbeing scored increased immediately after the retreat. Additionally, all these improvement were sustained one month after BSP.

Psychological metrics before and after BSP.

All endocannabinoids, including anandamide, were increased after the meditation program.

Anandamide levels before and after BSP

Psychological surveys demonstrated a strong positive impact on overall happiness after completing the Bhava Spandana program. Biomarker (blood sample) data showed a possible molecular mechanism which may be involved with the positive feelings expressed in the program. Overall, this study provided strong objective evidence for the experiences involved with BSP.

Publication

Inner Engineering Practices and Advanced 4-day Isha Yoga Retreat Are Associated with Cannabimimetic Effects with Increased Endocannabinoids and Short-Term and Sustained Improvement in Mental Health: A Prospective Observational Study of Meditators

BSP – peer reviewed publication